The sequencing of the human genome (June 2000) has ushered in a new era in the field of Molecular Medicine. Advances in molecular biology technologies have provided us with an understanding of the mechanisms of disease at the molecular level. This understanding can now be translated into diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools. It is now possible to phenotype and genotype human tumors to increase the accuracy and reproducibility of pathologic diagnosis and treatment. The Department of Molecular Medicine and Biology at Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre aims at providing a broad menu of diagnostic tests probing molecular structure and functions in diseased tissues and biological fluids. Current research in the department on the human genetic front focuses on the differences in genes of normal and affected individuals in evolving various genetic markers for diagnosis of human diseases. The Department is well equipped with sophisticated facilities and the department has obtained a license for working with radioactive isotopes for research program and diagnostics.